Checking account

Definition

A checking account is a financial account held at a bank or credit union that is designed for everyday transactions and easy access to funds.

What is a checking account?

A checking account allows account holders to deposit money, make withdrawals, write checks, and conduct various electronic transactions. It serves as a central hub for managing day-to-day financial activities.

Deposits and withdrawals:

1. Deposits: Account holders can deposit money into their checking accounts through various methods, such as cash, checks, direct deposits, or electronic transfers.
2. Withdrawals: Funds can be withdrawn from a checking account using methods such as checks, ATM withdrawals, electronic transfers, or debit card transactions.

Checking accounts typically include a checkbook, allowing account holders to write checks as a form of payment. Checks are written to specific payees and can be used for various transactions, including bill payments and purchases. Furthermore, many checking accounts come with a debit card, which can be used to make purchases, withdraw cash from ATMs, and conduct point-of-sale transactions. Debit card transactions are directly linked to the checking account balance.

Some checking accounts offer overdraft protection, a service that helps prevent transactions from being declined if the account balance is insufficient. Overdraft protection may involve linking the checking account to a savings account or a line of credit.

While checking accounts traditionally do not offer high-interest rates compared to savings accounts or other investment options, some financial institutions provide interest-bearing checking accounts that offer modest interest on the account balance.

Checking accounts often incorporate security features to protect against unauthorised transactions. Account holders are typically protected by fraud monitoring, and many banks offer zero-liability policies for unauthorised transactions.

Example of checking account

John Doe opens a checking account at ABC Bank to manage his day-to-day financial transactions.

1. Initial deposit:
   • To activate the checking account, John makes an initial deposit of ₦500. This amount is the opening balance in his checking account.
2. Direct deposit:
   • John sets up direct deposit with his employer, so his monthly salary of ₦2,500 is directly credited to his checking account.
3. ATM withdrawals:
   • John occasionally withdraws cash from ATMs using his debit card when needed. The withdrawn amount is deducted from his checking account balance.
4. Online banking:
   • John uses online banking to check his account balance, review transactions, and transfer funds between his checking and savings accounts.
5. Overdraft protection:
   • To avoid overdrafts, John opts for overdraft protection linked to his savings account. If his checking account balance falls below a certain threshold, funds are automatically transferred from his savings account to cover the shortfall.